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|  | | The health risks of GM food and crops
REFERENCES
This is a very useful and comprehensive check-list of the key
references relating to the health effects of GM crops. With acknowledgement to: Gundula Azeez and Coilin Nunan of the Soil Association.
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• | "A Comparison of the Effects of Three GM Corn Varieties on Mammalian Health",
Int J Biol Sci 2009; 5(7), 706-726.
Committee of Independent Research and Information on Genetic Engineering, 14/12/2009:
Press release: http://www.criigen.org/images/stories/pressrelease-3ogm-ijbs_1209.pdf
View study online:
http://www.biolsci.org/v05p0706.htm
Download study as PDF:
http://www.biolsci.org/v05p0706.pdf
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• | "Effects of GMOs and pesticides systematically understimated -
CRIIGEN appeal to public authorities
Committee of Independent Research and Information on Genetic Engineering, July 2009:
http://www.criigen.org/images/stories/pressrelease-ijbs_080709.pdf
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• | "GMOs: should they be fed to farm livestock?", in The
Chemical Engineer, Issue 746, by David Beever
and Richard Phipps, Centre for Dairy Research,
University of Reading
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• | "Detection of transgenic and endogenous plant DNA
in rumen fluid, duodenal digesta, milk, blood, and
feces of lactating dairy cows", J Dairy Sci., vol. 86,
pp. 4070‚4078, Phipps R.H., Deaville E.R. and
Maddison B.C., 2003
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• | "Fate of maize intrinsic and recombinant genes in
calves fed genetically modified maize Bt11", J Food
Prot, vol. 67, pp. 365‚370, Chowdhury E.H.,
Mikami O., Murata H., Sultana P., Shimada
N., Yoshioka M., Guruge K.S., Yamamoto S.,
Miyazaki S., Yamanaka N. and Nakajima Y., 2004
|
• | "The fate of forage plant DNA in farm animals :
a collaborative case-study investigating cattle and
chicken fed recombinant plant material", European
food research and technology, vol. 212, pp. 129‚134,
Einspanier R., Klotz A., Kraft J., Aulrich K., Poser
R., Schwagele F., Jahreis G. and Flachowsky G.,
2001
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• | "Detection of transgenic DNA in milk from cows
receiving herbicide tolerant (CP4EPSPS) soyabean
meal", Livestock Production Science, Phipps R.H.,
Beever D.E. and Humphries D.J., 2002. vol. 74,
pp. 269‚273
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• | "Detection of Transgenic and Endogenous Plant
DNA in Digesta and Tissues of Sheep and Pigs Fed
Roundup Ready Canola Meal", J. Agric. Food Chem.,
vol. 54, pp. 1699‚1709, Sharma R., Damgaard
D., Alexander T.W., Dugan M.E.R., Aalhus J.L.,
Stanford K. and McAllister T.A., 2006
|
• | "Assessing the transfer of genetically modified DNA from
feed to animal tissues", Transgenic Res., vol. 14, pp.
775‚784, Mazza R., Soave M., Morlacchini M.,
Piva G. and Marocco A., 2005
|
• | "Detection of genetically modified DNA sequences in
milk from the Italian market", Int J Hyg Environ
Health, vol. 209, pp. 81‚88, Agodi A., Barchitta
M., Grillo A. and Sciacca S., 2006
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• | "How do genes get into milk?", Greenpeace, 2004
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• | "Report on examination to determine plant and
Bt-maize residues in cow milk", conducted at the
Weihenstephan research centre for milk and
foodstuffs of the Technical University of Munich-
Freising, Ralf Einspanier, 20 October 2000 and
20 December 2000
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• | "Tools you can trust", New Scientist, Michel Le Page,
10 June 2006
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• | "Food Standards Agency news", No. 48,
June 2005. ëThe mutational consequences of
plant transformation", J Biomed Biotechnol.,
2006(2):25376, Latham J.R., Wilson A.K.,
Steinbrecher R.A., 2006
|
• | "Transgenic expression of bean alpha-amylase
inhibitor in peas results in altered structure and
immunogenicity", J Agric Food Chem., vol 53, pp.
9023‚9030, Prescott V.E., Campbell P.M., Moore
A., Mattes J., Rothenberg M.E., Foster P.S.,
Higgins T.J. and Hogan S.P., 2005
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• | "GM pea causes allergic damage in mice", New
Scientists.com,
Emma Young, 21 November 2005
|
• | "Frankenstein peas", Ecologist, Jeffrey Smith, March
2006
|
• | "Assessing the survival of transgenic plant DNA in the
human gastrointestinal tract", Nature Biotechnology,
vol. 22, pp. 204‚209, Netherwood T., Martin-
Or™e S.M., O'Donnell A.G.O., Gockling S.,
Graham J., Mathers J.C. and Gilbert H.J., 2004
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• | "Fate of genetically modified maize DNA in the
oral cavity and rumen of sheep", British Journal of
Nutrition, 89(2): 159-166, Duggan et al, 2003
|
• | "Characterization of commercial GMO inserts: a source
of useful material to study genome fluidity", Poster
presented at ICPMB: International Congress
for Plant Molecular Biology (nƒVII), Barcelona,
Collonier C., Berthier G., Boyer F., Duplan
M.-N., Fernandez S., Kebdani N., Kobilinsky A.,
Romanuk M. and Bertheau Y., 23‚28 June 2003
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• | "Dead babies", Ecologist, Jeffrey Smith, December/
January 2006
|
• | "Unstable transgenic lines illegal", Institute of
Science in Society, Mae-Wan Ho, 3 December
2003
|
• | "Safety evaluation of foods derived by modern
biotechnology", OECD, 1993
|
• | Alliance for Bio-Integrity, www.biointegrity.org
|
• | "Elements of precaution: recommendations for
the regulation of food biotechnology in Canada",
An Expert Panel Report on the Future of
Biotechnology prepared by the Royal Society
of Canada at the request of Health Canada,
Canadian Food Inspection Agency and
Environment Canada, The Royal Society of
Canada, January 2001
|
• | "Beyond substantial equivalence", Nature, vol. 401,
pp. 525‚526, Millstone E., Brunner E. and Mayer
S., 1999
|
• | "The use of substantial equivalence in the risk
assessment of GM food", www.royalsoc.ac.uk, Janet
Bainbridge, May 2001
|
• | "Safety assessment of Roundup Ready soybean event
40‚3‚2", Monsanto, www.monsanto.com
|
• | "Genetically modified organisms and biological
risks", Proceedings of the International Disaster
Reduction Conference, Davos, Switzerland,
Ermakova I.V., August‚September 2006, pp.
168‚171
|
• | "Genetically modified soy leads to the decrease of weight
and high mortality of rat pups of the first generation",
preliminary studies. EcosInform 2006, 1, 4‚9
(in Russian), Ermakova IV. A fuller paper is in
press: "Genetics and ecology", in: "Actual problems of
science", Moscow, 2005, pp.53‚59 (in Russian),
Ermakova IV
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• | "Reply to ACNFP from Dr Irina Ermakova", Irina
Ermakova, www.gmwatch.org, 28 September
2006
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• | "Statement on the effect of GM soya on new-born rats",
The Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and
Processes (ACNFP), 2005
|
• | "A generational study of glyphosate-tolerant soybeans on
mouse fetal, postnatal, pubertal and adult testicular
development", Food Chem. Toxicol., vol. 42, pp.
29‚36, Brake D.G. and Evenson D.P., 2004
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• | "Pusztai responds to ACNFP over Ermakova", Arpad
Pusztai, www.gmwatch.org, 19 January 2006
|
• | "Fine structural analyses of pancreatic acinar
cell nuclei from mice fed on GM soybean", Eur. J.
Histochem., vol. 47 pp. 385‚388, Malatesta M.,
Biggiogera M., Manuali E., Rocchi M.B.L.,
Baldelli B. and Gazzanelli G, 2003
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• | "Ultrastructural morphometrical and
immunocytochemical analyses of hepatocyte nuclei
from mice fed on genetically modified soybean", Cell
Struct. Funct., vol. 27, pp. 73‚180, Malatesta M.,
Caporaloni C., Gavaudan S., Rocchi M.B.L.,
Tiberi C. and Gazzanelli G., 2002
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• | "Ultrastructural analysis of pancreatic acinar cells from
mice fed on genetically modifed soybean", J. Anat., vol.
201, pp. 409‚416, Malatesta M., Caporaloni C.,
Rossi L., Battistelli S., Rocchi M.B.L., Tonucci F.
and Gazzanelli G, 2002
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• | "Reversibility of hepatocyte nuclear modifications
in mice fed on genetically modified soybean", Eur. J.
Histochem., vol. 49, pp. 237‚242, Malatesta M.,
Tiberi C., Baldelli B., Battistelli S., Manuali E and
Biggiogera B., 2005
|
• | "Ultrastructural analysis of testes from mice fed on
genetically modified soybean'", Eur. J. Histochem.,
vol. 48, pp. 449‚45, Vecchio L., Cisterna B.,
Malatesta M., Martin T.E. and Biggiogera B.,
2004
|
• | "The fate of transgenes in the human gut", Nature
Biotechnology, vol. 22, pp.170‚172, Heritage J.,
2004
|
• | "13‚Week Dietary Subchronic Comparison Study with
MON 863 Corn in Rats Preceded by a 1-Week Baseline
Food Consumption Determination with PMI Certified
Rodent Diet #5002", Monsanto's report on its
90-day rat feeding trial of MON 863 submitted to
EFSA, the European body which approves GMOs,
as part of its application for approval of the
maize (1139 pages), 17 December 2002, www.
monsanto.com. Reviewed by Dr Arpad Pusztai
for the German environment agency BfN, in
September and November 2004, available on:
www.gmwatch.org
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• | "Cause for concern", Ecologist, Jeffrey Smith,
October 2005
|
• | "New analysis of a rat feeding study with a genetically
modified maize reveals signs of hepatorenal toxicity",
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 52(4): 596‚602,
SÈralini GE, Cellier D, de Vendomois JS,
May 2007
|
• | "Throwing caution to the wind", Friends of the Earth
Europe, November 2004
|
• | "Commission decision of 13 January 2006
authorising the placing on the market of foods
and food ingredients derived from genetically
modified maize line MON 863 as novel foods or
novel food ingredients under Regulation (EC)
No. 258/97 of the European Parliament and of
the Council
|
• | "Non-suitability of genetically engineered feed for
animals", Report for the Chardon LL Hearing by
Eva Novotny, Scientists for Global Responsibility,
May 2002. Chardon LL Hearing: Analysis of
"The Chicken Study", The effect of glufosinate
resistant corn on growth of male broiler
chickens, Department of Animal and Poultry
Sciences, University of Guelph, November 2000.
Also, review in "Food safety ‚ contaminants and
toxins", CABI Publishing, 2003
|
• | Office of Food Additive Safety, Center for Food
Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and
Drug Administration, "Biotechnology Consultation
Note to the File BNF No. 000077", September 4,
2002
|
• | Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Genetically
Modified Organisms on a request from the
Commission related to the Notification
(Reference C/NL/98/11) for the placing on
the market of herbicide-tolerant oilseed rape
GT73, for import and processing, under Part
C of Directive 2001/18/EC from Monsanto1
(Question Nƒ EFSA-Q-2003-078) Opinion
adopted on 11 February 2004
|
• | Unpublished studies carried out for Calgene and
at the request of the FDA respectively, in early
1990s, in reviewed "Food safety ‚ contaminants and
toxins", CABI Publishing, 2003
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• | "Effect of diets containing genetically modified potatoes
expressing Galanthus nivalis lectin on rat small
intestine'", vol. 354, pp. 1353‚1354, Ewen S.W. and
Pusztai A., 1999
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